| 摘要: | Background: Hospital acquired infections are the main reason for prolonged hospitalization, increase in treatment costs, enhance antibiotic resistance and mortality rate in both adults and children. Objectives: The purposes of this study are (1) identifying general characteristics of studied patients and hospitals; (2) determining the infection prevalence rates at 2 pediatric hospitals. (3) determining the distribution of hospital-acquired infections according to the site of agency, diseases, and departments; (4) identifying risk factors associated with hospital-acquired infections at 2 pediatric hospitals in HCMC; and (5) classifying agent to bring out the hospital-acquired infections. Method: This study was conducted as a cross-sectional descriptive study. All hospitalized pediatric patients from birth through age 15 who had been staying at least 48 hours in Children hospital 1 and Children hospital 2 were involved in this study. Main results: 2,819 patients were observed. The gender ratio is 143 male children / 100 female children Neonatal patient contributed around 48,7% of study’ subjects. There are 80.7% of pediatric patients with underlying diseases upon admission, and 61,6 % of patients had infections upon admission and the mostly respiratory tract infections accounted for (69.5%) and gastrointestinal infections (11.6%). In the study, there are 68,7% of pediatric patients having invasive procedures. Peripheral venous catheters accounted for 99% of all invasive procedures, following by tracheostomy with 14.4%, and invasive mechanical ventilation with 14.2% Tracheostomy was placed in the longest time with median of 18 days and interquartile from 5 to 64 days, followed by central venous catheter with a median of 9 days and interquartile is from 5 to 19 days. There are 11.5% of hospitalized patients for operative purposes. Rate of aseptic surgery is 49.5%, followed by clean infections accounted for 34.1% of surgical cases. ASA score in patients are mostly 2 (39.6%) and 1 (34.1%). The majority (66.6%) of surgery are in program. In the observed pediatric patients, 78.2% use antibiotics, và 22% reported results of microbiological tests. The number of antibiotics used primarily in pediatric patients is one type of antibiotics (44.2%), and 2 types of antibiotics (20.5%). Results showed that bacterial isolation can’t isolate bacteria (75.9%). Conclusion: In 2,819 pediatric patients, there are only 68 HAI, account for 2.4% in all hospitalized patients in the study. Among hospital acquired infections, respiratory tract infections, sepsis, surgical site infection, skin and soft tissues infection gastrointestinal infections are the most common HAI with the rate of 61.8% (42 cases), 27.9% (19 cases), 4.4% (3 cases), 5.9% (4 cases), 2.9% (2 cases). Urinary tract infections, injection site infections, or other infections were not recorded. For the characteristics of the sample, research shows that factors related to rate of hospital acquired infection include facilities, room, and the patient's age. |
